Type Occurrence of Vermiculite

Place Of Occurrence Millbury, Worcester Co., Massachusetts, USA
Year Of Discovery 1824 (18th Century)
Occurrence Forms as an alteration product of biotite or phlogopite, by weathering or hydrothermal action. Vermiculite is mined as a natural insulation material worldwide.

Crystallography of Vermiculite

Crystal System Monoclinic
Cell Parameters a = 5.24Å, b = 9.17Å, c = 28.6Å, β = 94.6°
Ratio a:b:c = 0.571 : 1 : 3.119
Unit Cell Volume V 1,369.83 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell) Vermiculite for Crystallography Radiation – Copper Kα ;Horizontal Axis: 5° to 90° ; Vertical Axis: 100%

Optical Data of Vermiculite

Type Monoclinic
RI values n α = 1.525 – 1.561 nβ = 1.545 – 1.581 nγ = 1.545 – 1.581
Maximum Birefringence Δ = 0.020

Vermiculite for Crystallography
Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30�m thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration
Surface Relief Low
Dispersion Weak

X-Ray Powder Diffraction

Radiation n α = 1.525 – 1.561 nβ = 1.545 – 1.581 nγ = 1.545 – 1.581
Data Set Near Tonapah, Nevada, USA 1796
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona.
Powder Diffraction Data
d-spacing Intensity
14.15 (10)
4.57 (6)
2.615 (5)
2.570 (5)
2.525 (4.5)
2.380-2.365 (3.5b)
1.528 (7)

Classification of Vermiculite

IMA status Valid – first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) – “Grandfathered”
Strunz 8th edition ID 8/H.21-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID 9.EC.50
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
Dana 8th edition ID 71.2.2d.3
71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
2 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 layers
Hey’s CIM Ref 16.19.22
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
19 : Aluminosilicates of Fe and Mg

Relationship of Vermiculite to other Species

Structurally related to group(s) Montmorillonite-Vermiculite Group
Related Minerals – Nickel-Strunz Grouping

Related Minerals – Nickel-Strunz Grouping
9.EC.05 Minnesotaite (Fe,Mg)3(Si4O10)(OH)2
9.EC.05 Talc Mg3(Si4O10)(OH)2
9.EC.05 Willemseite (Ni,Mg)3(Si4O10)(OH)2
9.EC.05 Ferripyrophyllite Fe23+(Si4O10)(OH)2
9.EC.05 Pyrophyllite Al2(Si4O10)(OH)2
9.EC.05 Boromuscovite KAl2(BSi3O10)(OH)2
9.EC.05 Celadonite K(Mg,Fe2+)Fe3+(Si4O10)(OH)2
9.EC.05 Chernykhite (Ba,Na)(V3+,Al,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2
9.EC.05 Montdorite (K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4
9.EC.05 Muscovite KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
9.EC.05 Nanpingite CsAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2
9.EC.05 Paragonite NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
9.EC.05 Roscoelite K(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
9.EC.05 Tobelite (NH4,K)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
9.EC.05 Aluminoceladonite K(Mg,Fe2+)Al(Si4O10)(OH)2

Related Minerals – Nickel-Strunz Grouping)
16.19.1 Indialite Mg2Al3(AlSi5O18)
16.19.2 Cordierite (Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
16.19.3 Sekaninaite (Fe,Mg)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
16.19.4 Ferrogedrite Mg3(Si4O10)(OH)2
16.19.5 Staurolite (Fe2+,Mg,Mn)2Al4Si2O10(OH)4
16.19.6 Chloritoid Mg3(Si4O10)(OH)2

Other Names for Vermiculite

Synonyms BrodrickiteCulsageeiteJefferisiteZonolite
Other Languages

Other Languages
German Vermiculit
Russian Вермикулит
Simplified Chinese 蛭石
Spanish Vermiculita